Barriers and solutions to international trade

Barriers and solutions to international trade INTRODUCION This essay provides an overview of the barriers to international trade faced by economies today with examples of barriers faced in various countries, and their solutions. International trade promotes high standard of living for trading nations and hence, despite its various ill effects, it is best to practice international trade as it provides economic and social benefits to economies bringing about an upturn in global economy. This essay attempts to bring to light, the general barriers international trade faces presently and its solutions with recent examples. INTERNATIONAL TRADE: AN INTRODUCTION Trade among countries has existed for a long period now. The trade between Asia and Europe marks this fact as Morrison (2006, pp.314-315) examines that these two continents have engaged in Trade since a long period. He also suggests that with time, international trade has come a long way as far as volume and patterns of trade between nations is concerned. Morrison (2006) has re ferred to figures by the World Trade Organisation (2004, cited in International Trade Statistics 2003, World Trade Developments 2002) from the official website of the WTO that Asia’s share of global merchandise exports has gradually increased, Northern America’s share has slightly decreased and Western Europe’s share has recovered from a downfall in 2001, but not as much as it did in 1990. Morrison further suggests, from 2000 to 2002, China’s exports and imports rose by 30 per cent and today, China is one of the world’s largest traders. Therefore, we may note that International trade plays a very essential role in globalization trends in the world economy. UNDERSTANDING ‘TRADE PROTECTIONISM’ Protectionism is †The deliberate use or encouragement of restrictions on imports to enable relatively inefficient domestic producers to compete successfully with foreign producers, or to protect and preserve those industries and producers con sidered of critical national interest.† (McCracken, 2005) Coughlin et al (1988) state that Protectionist Trade Policies are meant to improve the position of domestic products as compared to its foreign equivalents, and that this may be done through various policies – by increment of the market price of the foreign product or by barring access of foreign products to the domestic market. They explain that protectionist trade policies aim to expand domestic production in the protected industries for the benefit of the owners, suppliers and workers of the protected industry. However this may lead to a downturn in the consumption of protected goods due to either associated rise in its price or consumers start using less of other goods as a result of the decline in outputs and increase in prices. Coughlin et al hence, argue that domestic consumers are said to be impaired as the price of the protected goods keep increasing. Hence, imposing of tariffs lead to domestic producers ’ and the government’s gain, while domestic consumers’ and other domestic producers’ loss. These trade policies also affect foreign interests. ‘FREE TRADE’ & ITS THEORIES Free Trade is †trade between nations that is unhampered by Government constraints such as tariffs, restrictions, and other barriers.† (Financial Times Limited, 2009) Theory of Absolute Advantage

Pros and Cons of Embedded Journalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pros and Cons of Embedded Journalism - Essay Example Before acceptance to join the military, reporters sign contracts that give a standard or guidelines of when and what they can report on. This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of embedded journalism. Pros First, embedded journalism improves the relationship between the government and the armed forces media. After journalists embedment they become part of the military troop that travels around with them recording their activity in accordance to the agreement. Reporters depend on the military for food, shelter, and protection from the enemy. The regular contacts between the two build trust and reduce the common suspicion that normally exists between the two parties. Both informal and formal settings that develop during the embedment period can result in great transparency because the government and the armed forces will find it easy to pass information freely. Secondly, embedment of journalists allows them to travel with the military watching their every move. They are l ike watchdogs that make the military responsible of their every activity. According to Komarow as quoted in college of journalism and mass communication, US media helped in making sure that the US armed forces were held accountable for bombing an Afghan wedding party. This is after the initial investigators went to the scene together with the journalists for investigations and they unearthed a hidden agenda that in bombing, US armed forces wanted to erase evidence. Pressure from the media caused them to take responsibility (Berens, 2004, p.1). Thirdly, since the embedded journalists can access the battle scenes, they get more information and faster than those removed from the battle zones. Hannah and Baylor concur with this and argue, â€Å"Reporters travelled by aircrafts to and from the battle zones and were free to observe the combat operations† (Hannah, 2007, p.8). With the modern technology then this accessible information can be passed on instantly to other destinations . Fourthly, embedded journalists receive information from different perspectives. Their physical presence allows them to talk to the soldiers, commanders, and talk to the people around the battle filed. Multiple sources of information make interesting stories. Cons Embedding of journalists has so many disadvantages. First, the contract that journalist’s sign with the military hinder them in their reporting. According to Lehrer, â€Å"Before joining their  battalions, the embedded journalists had to sign a contract restricting when and what they can report† (Lehrer, 2012, P.1). Embedding is the driving force behind coverage and embedded journalists can only describe military actions in general terms and they are restricted from reporting on future missions.  Those who opt to stay outside the embedment are not left free since the government to comply at times harasses them. According to Rajan, â€Å"the distinction between patriotism and fair reporting becomes fuzzy in such circumstances† (Rajan, 2005, p.13). Secondly, embedded journalists work hand in hand with the soldiers and depend on them for protection, food and other social amenities. This closeness may hinder proper scrutiny and reporting of foul actions. Fortner and Fackler argues that, â€Å"

Friendship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Friendship - Essay Example This seems to be contradictory to authors who seem to have the idea that friends who are equal tend to bond more closely than those that are unequal. From a critical examination, friendship should be complementary as the parties people are unique beings with different capacities and potentials. The author seems to hold the idea that friendship is crucial in eliminating loneliness among individuals who are isolated from their families. Those who have little contact with their relatives and families benefit by entering into strong friendships with those who they associate with every day. In chapter one, Steinbeck states, "Guys like us, that work on ranches, are the loneliest guys in the world. They got no family. They dont belong no place....With us it aint like that. We got a future† (13-14). The implication of this statement is that the purpose of friendship is to eliminate loneliness that one may suffer from after isolation from their family members. Steinbeck holds the idea that friendship is an important perspective of life for many people. Another idea that the author puts across is that friends are meant to look after each other for the sake of their own good. On this note, friendship is meant to be a two way relationship in which all parties benefit symbiotical ly. One of the characters, Lennie, in chapter one says that â€Å"because I got you to look after me, and you got me to look after you, and thats why†, a statement that shows the nature of their friendship (14). This is the foundation of the relationship between the two friends. In this light, the story provides that friendship is crucial as it provides members of the society with an opportunity to benefit from social relationships. There is a great controversy on whether friendship is based on the inequality of the partners or on their similar attitudes. From the beginning of the novel, we note that the two friends, Lennie and George, are

Complaints Against the Northwestern University Students :: Northwestern University Students

Rowdy Drunken College Students I read an article about Northwestern University students in Evanston, Illinois, and the community’s complaints against them. The article, written by Bob Seidenberg, discusses the need for city council to call a meeting to address the problems of rowdy drunken college students disturbing the peace and quiet of the evenings, by wandering around and through Evanston homes late at night. The underling issue is, is this Northwestern’s problem, or simply a lack of respect from youths today? The drunken rowdy college students have always, and will always be around. However, the Evanston community has progressively seen the situation get worse. The college students are beginning to buy houses next door to families with young children, which, potentially causes a problem. While there are no laws forbidding NU students living off campus, people in these areas are becoming upset with the result of the students living in next door. When you have students whose primary focus, beginning on a Thursday night, is to become completely â€Å"plastered†; living next door to the middle school child trying to sleep, problems arise. The parents of these children are sick of the students behavior, and are voicing their complaints. Jane Evans was quoted saying, â€Å"These students are supposed to be the cream of the crop, but we would assert, and many of our neighbors would agree, that these students feel grossly entitled to run wild in our streets without any respect for the community in which they live.† (pg. 18) This quote is more than true. I have spent many nights at my friend’s house, and the next morning there will be empty beer cups all over the yard, and most of the night we were kept up by yelling and laughing college students running up and down the streets; she lives in the thick of the college student off campus housing. The only problem is, whose fault is it? Northwestern University has on campus housing; however, the University is completely engulfed within the community. Living off campus is one of the benefits of going to NU, because the community and environment around the campus is extremely college oriented. When you have an environment that is so conducive to the typical college student, obviously they are going to treat the surrounding territory as their territory. So then the issue really becomes, whose fault is it? Who is to blame for the noise complaints and the rude, rowdy behavior?

Aviation Essay

I am an individual wanting much more than just the usual learning that is taken from lower-level of education. My wanting for excellence has made it possible for me to want something more from myself. Undeniably, the different assessments that I have made upon myself as an individual has made me more interested in the progress that I could still make e a much better individual in the field that I am involved with a present. As a professional involved in the industry of aviation, I aim for better instructions that could assist me in becoming a better manager of the staff in my chosen field. Aviation, compared to other types of transportation is a serious industry that involves much more systematic approach in management and organization. For this reason, I know that simply meaning to know what management is is not enough for this section of the learning. Being in the industry of aviation is a serious task to consider. This is the reason why further learning has been my option which I know would equip me with the needed knowledge that I ought to use in my profession later on. Through the said learning that I am expecting to receive from the institution, I do expect to have a larger scope and possibilities of employment later on. I do believe that with better knowledge on the field that I am specializing at, I am sure to receive more competent skills that would help me in acquiring the right level of employment that I deserve. The ways by which I would be applying what I learn is the primary key in increasing the possibilities of employment that I am to face in the future.

Police Use of Force Essay - 2187 Words

Police Use of Force Introduction Police officers are authorized to use force under certain circumstances, for instance; controlling a disruptive, aggressive and disturbing demonstration, undergoing arrest of an accused person or controlling a combative individual. These officers are trained properly regarding use of force while fulfilling their duties. However, the use of force by police is a subject of hot discussion amongst public, as many times law enforcement agencies, televisions, newspapers, and civil as well as criminal courts have taken serious actions against excessive use of force by police-officers under a given situation (U.S department of Justice, 1999). The aim of this paper is to study national as well as international†¦show more content†¦Otherwise it becomes a negative pint for the officer. Guidelines for the use of force There are several guidelines for the use of force, which vary from place to place and situation to situation, there is not universal rule and guideline for the amount of force used in a particular event. However, national institute of justice gives guidelines for the use of force based upon various factors which are as under: * The experience of a particular police department * Law enforcement technologies, which are available at a given place during specific event * Federal as well as state mandates becomes another influencing factor * Complex relationship that can develop between police and general public at given place is also another determinant of the use of force (National Institute of Justice, 2009). Use of force continuums Officers have specific training regarding use of force, for this purpose officer’s continuums were developed in the year 1960s. These continuums are based upon the resistance faced by the police officer and the amount of force that can be justified at that particular time. It can be said that he use of force should behave in a linear manner that means the rise should occur from the negligible resistance to increased aggression (Hess, 2009). Law enforcement agencies almost, at all places give policies according to which a police officer can utilize force byShow MoreRelatedUse Of Force And The Police Force Essay1785 Words   |  8 PagesThe Use of Police Force Police encounter different situations in their daily activities. The diverse nature of the circumstances implies that the members of the police also have to adopt different strategies of handling them. In some circumstances, the police have to use force as a way of addressing the situations. Unfortunately, when the police apply their own discretion in the use of force, the outcomes of this approach may end in fatalities or serious injuries. In recent times, diverse opinionsRead More Police Use of Force Essay1079 Words   |  5 PagesIn certain situations, the police may have to act quickly on their instincts. Sometimes, a situation is unpredictable and a decision needs to be made in a split second. The quick decision may to be to take a person down physically with the officer’s own hands, or to use deadly force, unfortunately. Anything can happen and the officer needs to be ready for every scenario. The different levels of force can be anywhere from just a police officer bein g present, to having to kill someone to prevent himRead MoreEssay on Police Use of Force1577 Words   |  7 PagesThe police forces in every community are deemed law enforcement officers and have to take necessary precautions in executing their job. Individuals that police officers encounter may at any time threaten the security of the officer or others. Police officers have to follow procedures that are necessary to maintain control of situations that can cause harm to others or property. The three topics that will be discussed in police use of force are; the explanation and background of use of force, limitationsRead MorePolice Officers Use Of Force2643 Words   |  11 Pages Police Officers use of force has been an big issue for many decades, But has now made its way to mainstream. From news to social media there s always a recent relevant story/ case on police officers use of force. In 2016 Baton Rouge man, Alton Sterling was killed do to Police officers use of excessive force. This sparked an outrage in the nation after Mr. Sterlings murder went viral through social media. The shooting led to protests in Baton Rouge and a request for a civil rights investigationRead MorePolice Use And Excessive Force1757 Words   |  8 PagesIn most cases the police is permitted to use any form of necessary force to suppress a suspected criminal with minimal consequences if they use excessive force (â€Å"Police Use Of Force†). According to the current law all law enforcement officers should use only the amount of force necessary to weaken an incident, make an arrest, and protect themselves and others from harm (â€Å"Police Use of Force†). Officers rece ive guidance from their individual agencies, but no universal set of rules that governs whenRead MoreUse Of Excessive Force By Police Essay2388 Words   |  10 Pages Use of excessive force by police Name Institutional affiliation Introduction This paper will discuss issues related to the use of excessive force by the police. In doing this the paper will look at the concepts such as the need for police officers to use force, the definition of excessive force and causes that contribute to the use of excessive force. The paper identifies inadequate training, adrenalin overload, accidental application and retribution as the major causesRead MoreUnderstanding Police Use Of Force1789 Words   |  8 PagesUnderstanding Police Use of Force Police Officer shoots unarmed teen to death. Police Officer shoots unarmed teen to death who is violently attacking an officer. Which one is a catchier headline? The first one may attract ratings or sell newspapers but it is not only unfair to the police, it is also unfair to the public being fed this type of information. For years, news outlets have been bad mouthing police and their tactics because it makes for good stories. This type of coverage is dangerousRead MoreUse of Excessive Force by Police3642 Words   |  15 PagesUse of Excessive Force by Police Use of Excessive Force by Police Police officers are given a significant amount of discretion simply due to the nature of the job. Officers are faced with many threatening situations forcing them to react quickly, yet appropriately. They have the power to infringe upon any citizen’s rights to freedom and therefore they must use this power effectively. One major concern with the amount of discretion officers have is their power to decide when to use force orRead MorePolice Authority, Police Power and Police Use of Force Essay1445 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract This paper will describe police power and police authority. I will also talk about police discretion as for as whom gets locked up and who is allowed to go free. This paper will discuss the different use of police force. In this paper I will also talk about police attitude, police misconduct, and physical abuse among police officers. Most people confuse police authority with police power. What are police authority and or police power? Souryal, (2007), stated, â€Å"That Authority is theRead MorePolice Use Of Force Too Far1191 Words   |  5 PagesNow days i feel as if the police that the use of force too far. Studies show that over 45% of police use the use of force too far. The use of Force is there for the police to make them feel safe but in anyway you could see something the is misleading and lead to use of force in the wrong way. I think that someone needs to take a stand and say something about it because its getting out of hand with police at school and just police in the public. The way the police use force is only to keep them safe

The Poverty Of Poverty And Poverty - 1394 Words

There are so many Americans living in poverty today, and the number of those living in poverty will probably only go up from here. What s even more disheartening is that a lot of the poverty stricken families include young children. America is considered one of the richest nations in the world, and that we are so much better off than other countries. While it may be true, I beg to ask the question of why are so many of our fellow brothers and sisters living in poverty? For those of us who are fortunate to be able to afford the basics of things go about our lives without thinking about not being able to pay for basic needs, we don t even realize that a lot of the people we come into contact with are probably poor. Most often when we do think of poor, we picture of the images of the children in Africa with no clean water or no food at all, when really that is not the case. Some families do not have enough food to feed their children, or make just enough to pay the basic bills and hav e little money for food. Poverty is defined as the state or condition of having not enough money, goods, or any means of support for oneself. Statistics say that at least 16 % of Americans are living below the poverty line. Poverty is considered as one of America s leading problems. What is important to note is that a lot of those people living in poverty actually have jobs. They just do not make enough money to be able to afford health care, food, clothes, and barley their homes. a quarterShow MoreRelatedPoverty Of Poverty And Poverty1448 Words   |  6 PagesStudy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 Poverty during pregnancy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 Facts and Consequences About being born into poverty...4 Being Born Into Poverty Essay†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...5 Some People Who Were Born Into Poverty†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...6-7 Ways To Stay Out Of Poverty†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....8 How Poverty Will Affect You Life†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.9 How I Will Stay Out Of Poverty†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...10 Recent Study: The U.S. child poverty rate has fluctuated between 15 andRead MorePoverty And Poverty : Poverty1662 Words   |  7 Pages Poverty for centuries has been a very severe issue that has troubled many nations while impeding economic developments and progress. Poverty stricken countries are majorly concentrated in the continents of Africa and Asia. Continents like the Americas and Europe have globally been recognized as been wealthier yet still many parts of these ostensible countries face massive cases of poverty. Most at times, countries with high populations owing to high birth rates face the most casesRead MorePoverty Of Poverty And Poverty1134 Words   |  5 Pageseach day as a result of poverty (â€Å"Child Mortality Rate Drops†). On their website, The World Bank calculated that the amount of people living in extreme poverty was likely to fall below ten percent in 2015. Even though the poverty rate has decreased, there are still many people living in extreme poverty. One billion children in the world live in poverty and organizations like Compassion International are helping give them a new life (â€Å"Poverty Facts and Stats†). What is poverty? There are two specificRead MorePoverty : Poverty And Poverty3135 Words   |  13 PagesPoverty Research Paper Noah Morrow Mrs.Zimmerly English 10 April/4/2015 The rich cause poverty because of the inequality and unfairness they bring. The country is put to blame for the governments and nations decisions. The people themselves can also be put at fault for poverty because of population but, some can not help it. This affects the poverty threshold, the people, and the number of people in poverty. Poverty can be solved with the help of organizations, the government or the president,Read MorePoverty And The Poverty Of Poverty2574 Words   |  11 PagesDespite living in poverty, it is a struggle and there are many causes for this, it has been said that those in poverty choose to live that way, often being called and/or labeled lazy or ignorant. Countless of those living in poverty are being treated like second-class citizens. Rather than staying in poverty and constantly living off others, they should get jobs, is a comment often heard. There are resources available to assist women, with education, daycare and housing to help women improve theirRead MorePoverty And Poverty : Poverty1950 Words   |  8 PagesAlthough many see poverty as a choice, made by those who are lazy and prefer to do nothing but expect to reap the same benefits of people who work hard every day to provide for their families. In some cases this may be true but, poverty will wreak havoc on any and all of those who have the misfortune of crossing paths with it. Poverty is alive and well throughout the world, and it has an unyielding pulse here in the United States. It has been discovered that The poorest families in America areRead MorePoverty Of Poverty And Poverty861 Words   |  4 PagesI. Background, Statistics, Introduction Poverty traps are economic anomalies that continually reinforce poverty within a country’s, or multiple countries’, economies. There are many different types of poverty traps such as savings traps, â€Å"big push† models, nutritional traps, behavioral traps, geographic traps, etc. that all affect an economy in different ways. Not only can poverty be enforced through these traps, but also through the way an economy is run or the moralities of the government. AccordingRead MorePoverty : Poverty And Poverty Essay2223 Words   |  9 PagesDisc 5 Poverty Poverty Slideshow Poverty can be defined as the state of being extremely poor. These images that were captured depict what life was like living below poverty and the conditions some individuals face. I am aware of these sometimes horrific conditions people live in, especially children. We are reminded by these images that there are people who live without, without the comforts of the amenities that we sometimes take for granted, such as beds, blankets, the use of running water, andRead MorePoverty : Poverty And Poverty1932 Words   |  8 PagesChild poverty in America is often overlooked because compared to other nations and the majority of the population it is minimal; still, this epidemic affects over 14.5 million United States children and families. Martin Luther King Jr. once said â€Å"America is going to hell if we don’t use her vast resources to end poverty and make it possible for all of God’s children to have the basic necessities of life† and at the rate America is goin g, poverty becomes a bigger issue each day. Impoverishment includesRead MorePoverty And Poverty985 Words   |  4 Pagesexpansion are directly linked to poverty. And direct contact in the case of basic social and economic human rights, such as the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of the individual and his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care. This link is indirect in the case of civil and political human rights associated with democratic governance and the rule of law (Pogge, 2017) .The poor, who suffer from extreme poverty and are deeply involved in the struggle